Container-Backups-with-Restic.md

@@ -6,9 +6,7 @@
 A simple tool for backups is [rsync](https://rsync.samba.org/) that copies files from a host to another, and which files can be archived or not, and checks if a file has been modified, or is removed or created, and updates the backup target repository accordingly. But it doesn't create snapshots and thus we cannot access the state of a system's files of a specific date in the past. Dedicated backup tools create snapshots and retain a history of the changes, so we can choose what version to restore. However we need to keep track of the backup's disk storage and remove older snapshots on a regular basis.
 
 
-Steps we follow to backup LXC containers:
-Note: all system paths and parameters in this HOWTO are fictional.
-
+**Steps we follow to backup LXC containers:**
 ### Process
 - stop the containers (*if containers were created by root user, we need root privilege to stop them. We solve this by allowing the specific lxc stop/start commands for the backup user via the *sudoes.d* configuration.*)
 - backup the containers
@@ -69,7 +67,7 @@ Add these commands in a  new file under /etc/sudoers.d/
 
 https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-running-sudo-command-without-a-password/
 
-###Command to run backups from terminal
+### Command to run backups from terminal
 
 Needs the following parameters:
 - path to password file:
@@ -78,16 +76,71 @@ PASSWORD="~backupuser/pass"
 remote-repo ="/var/backups"
 - abosulte path to the directory we want to backup:
 local-repo="/var/foo"
-- remote host:
-
-$host="backups.org"
-
-$user="backuphost"
+- remote host: $host="backups.org", $user="backuphost"
 
 So the command becomes:
 
 `& restic -p ~/backup/pass -r sftp:backuphost@backups.org:/var/backups --verbose backup /var/foo `
 OR:
-`# restic -p $PASSWORD -r sftp:$user@$host:$remote-path --verbose backup </code>
-
 
+`# restic -p $PASSWORD -r sftp:$user@$host:$remote-path --verbose backup`
+
+### Final bash script
+
+```
+#!/bin/bash
+# a backup of LXC containers to a remote host 
+
+set -e
+PASSWORD=/root/pass_file
+# Destination
+DEST="sftp:binti-backups:/srv/backups"
+STATIC_OPTIONS="--verbose backup"
+ROOT="/var/lib/lxc"
+# list containers
+CONTAINERS="$(sudo lxc-ls)"
+declare -a STOPPED_CONTAINERS
+
+# Check if containers are running and then stop the containers
+echo $containers
+for container in ${CONTAINERS[@]}; do
+    echo $container
+    status="$(sudo lxc-info $container | grep 'State' | xargs | cut -d' ' -f2)"
+    echo $status
+    if [[ $status == "STOPPED" ]]; then
+        STOPPED_CONTAINERS+=("$container")
+    elif [[ $status == "RUNNING" ]]; then
+        sudo lxc-stop $container
+        # Update the list of stopped containers
+        STOPPED_CONTAINERS+=("$container")
+    fi
+done
+set +e
+restic -p $PASSWORD -r  $DEST $STATIC_OPTIONS $ROOT
+
+BACKUP_SUCCESS=$?
+set -e
+
+if [[ $BACKUP_SUCCESS -eq 0 ]]; then
+    echo "BACKUP succeeded"
+else
+    # Send email to admins
+    echo "BACKUP failed"
+    sendemail admin@backups.org < ./mail.txt
+fi
+
+for container in ${STOPPED_CONTAINERS[@]}; do
+        echo $container
+        sudo lxc-start $container
+done
+```
+
+### Resources for backup scripts and helpful tips
+- restic for backups
+https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/stable/040_backup.html
+- duplicity
+https://blog.xmatthias.com/duplicity_backup_script/
+- What to backup
+ https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch10.en.html#_backup_and_recovery
+- Read password from a file:
+https://www.foxinfotech.in/2019/03/reading-a-password-from-a-file-in-linux.html